AU77233
古人
hg38 / GRCh38
K47 东地中海 East-Med: 14.17% 西地中海 West-Med: 14.15% 东欧 East-Euro: 12.85% 古巴尔干 Paleo-Balkan: 9.25% 北高加索 North-Caucasian: 8.82% 中地中海 Central-Med: 7.68% 波罗的海 Baltic: 7.55% 凯尔特人 Celtic: 5.58% 西芬兰 West-Finnic: 4.41% 东伊比利亚 East-Iberian: 4.21% 北海日耳曼 North-Sea-Germanic: 3.36% 斯堪的纳维亚－日耳曼 Scando-Germanic: 2.74% 伊朗 Iranian: 2.36% 帕米尔 Pamirian: 1.23% 阿拉伯 Arabic: 0.87% 北伊比利亚 North-Iberian: 0.32% 南印度 South-Indian: 0.18% MichalK25 东北欧 Northeast European: 29.96% 地中海 Mediterranean: 26.28% 德鲁兹人 Druzian: 19.18% 高加索 Caucasian: 14.67% 柏柏尔人 Berberic: 2.88% 阿拉伯 Arabic: 2.21% 台湾原住民 Taiwanese Aboriginal: 1.80% 纳索伊人 Nasoic: 1.04% 乌拉尔 Uralic: 0.65% 北美印第安人 North Amerindian: 0.65% 西伯利亚 Siberian: 0.43% 南美印第安人 South Amerindian: 0.26% K12b 高加索 Caucasus: 31.45% 大西洋地中海 Atlantic Med: 29.89% 北欧 North European: 28.29% 西南亚 Southwest Asian: 3.82% 格德罗西亚 Gedrosia: 2.38% 撒哈拉以南非洲 Sub Saharan: 1.28% 南亚 South Asian: 1.27% 东亚 East Asian: 0.84% 西北非 Northwest African: 0.78% puntDNAL 新石器时代安纳托利亚 Anatolian Neolithic: 42.52% 欧洲狩猎采集者－大草原 EHG-Steppe: 25.51% 西方狩猎采集者 Western HG: 14.52% 新石器时代伊朗 Iran Neolithic: 6.97% 纳吐夫狩猎采集者 Natufian HG: 6.29% 南欧亚 South Eurasian: 2.21% 撒哈拉以南非洲 Sub-Saharan: 1.03% 美洲印第安人 Amerinidian: 0.67% 大洋洲 Oceanian: 0.28% AncientNearEast13 高加索狩猎采集者－早期欧洲农人 CHG-EEF: 33.89% 新石器时代安纳托利亚 Anatolia Neolithic: 26.25% 新石器时代伊朗 Iran-Neolithic: 10.61% 欧洲狩猎采集者 EHG: 10.50% 斯堪的纳维亚－西欧狩猎采集者 SHG-WHG: 10.15% 纳吐夫 Natufian: 4.78% 东南亚 Southeast Asian: 1.96% 原始印度人 Ancestral-Indian: 1.14% 撒哈拉以南非洲 Sub-Saharan: 0.57% 卡利吉亚纳 Karitiana: 0.16% E11 欧洲 European: 74.72% 印度 India: 16.39% 美洲 American: 6.15% 非洲 African: 2.18% 鄂伦春 North Chinese Oroqen: 0.56% K47 东地中海 East-Med: 14.17% 西地中海 West-Med: 14.15% 东欧 East-Euro: 12.85% 古巴尔干 Paleo-Balkan: 9.25% 北高加索 North-Caucasian: 8.82% 中地中海 Central-Med: 7.68% 波罗的海 Baltic: 7.55% 凯尔特人 Celtic: 5.58% 西芬兰 West-Finnic: 4.41% 东伊比利亚 East-Iberian: 4.21% 北海日耳曼 North-Sea-Germanic: 3.36% 斯堪的纳维亚－日耳曼 Scando-Germanic: 2.74% 伊朗 Iranian: 2.36% 帕米尔 Pamirian: 1.23% 阿拉伯 Arabic: 0.87% 北伊比利亚 North-Iberian: 0.32% 南印度 South-Indian: 0.18% MichalK25 东北欧 Northeast European: 29.96% 地中海 Mediterranean: 26.28% 德鲁兹人 Druzian: 19.18% 高加索 Caucasian: 14.67% 柏柏尔人 Berberic: 2.88% 阿拉伯 Arabic: 2.21% 台湾原住民 Taiwanese Aboriginal: 1.80% 纳索伊人 Nasoic: 1.04% 乌拉尔 Uralic: 0.65% 北美印第安人 North Amerindian: 0.65% 西伯利亚 Siberian: 0.43% 南美印第安人 South Amerindian: 0.26% K12b 高加索 Caucasus: 31.45% 大西洋地中海 Atlantic Med: 29.89% 北欧 North European: 28.29% 西南亚 Southwest Asian: 3.82% 格德罗西亚 Gedrosia: 2.38% 撒哈拉以南非洲 Sub Saharan: 1.28% 南亚 South Asian: 1.27% 东亚 East Asian: 0.84% 西北非 Northwest African: 0.78% puntDNAL 新石器时代安纳托利亚 Anatolian Neolithic: 42.52% 欧洲狩猎采集者－大草原 EHG-Steppe: 25.51% 西方狩猎采集者 Western HG: 14.52% 新石器时代伊朗 Iran Neolithic: 6.97% 纳吐夫狩猎采集者 Natufian HG: 6.29% 南欧亚 South Eurasian: 2.21% 撒哈拉以南非洲 Sub-Saharan: 1.03% 美洲印第安人 Amerinidian: 0.67% 大洋洲 Oceanian: 0.28% AncientNearEast13 高加索狩猎采集者－早期欧洲农人 CHG-EEF: 33.89% 新石器时代安纳托利亚 Anatolia Neolithic: 26.25% 新石器时代伊朗 Iran-Neolithic: 10.61% 欧洲狩猎采集者 EHG: 10.50% 斯堪的纳维亚－西欧狩猎采集者 SHG-WHG: 10.15% 纳吐夫 Natufian: 4.78% 东南亚 Southeast Asian: 1.96% 原始印度人 Ancestral-Indian: 1.14% 撒哈拉以南非洲 Sub-Saharan: 0.57% 卡利吉亚纳 Karitiana: 0.16% EastSeaK12 欧洲 European: 78.37% 印度 Indian: 15.71% 日本 Japanese: 3.11% 美洲印第安人 Amerindian: 1.48% 非洲 African: 1.33% ProjectLiK11 西欧亚古波斯 West Eurasian / Ancient Persia: 68.81% 美洲 American: 16.01% 东亚古台湾(汉本) Ancient Taiwan / Hanben: 4.11% 东亚古黄河 East Asian / Ancient Yellow River: 4.08% 南印度伊鲁拉 South India / Irula: 3.70% 古代蒙古 Ancient Mongolia: 1.47% 古南岛瓦努阿图 Ancient Vanuatu: 1.22% 非洲约鲁巴 African / Yoruba: 0.59% ProLi14 古安纳托利亚农民 Ancient Anatolia Farmer: 38.62% 古东欧(卡累利亚共和国) Old East Euro(Karelia): 26.02% 古伊朗(扎格罗斯山脉) Old Iran(GanjDareh): 20.49% 古西欧猎人 Ancient Euro Hunter: 6.33% 南印度(伊鲁拉) South India(Irula): 4.46% 古华中(平粮台遗址) Old Central Chinese(Ping Liang Tai): 1.11% 古中亚(切尔木切克人) Chemurchek: 1.06% 非洲 African: 0.79% 安达曼 Onge: 0.77% 古东南(汉本遗址) Old SE Chinese(Hanben): 0.35%
女
Austria
Vienna
Avar
After a long-distance migration from the East, Avar people of Eastern Asian ancestry arrived in Eastern Central Europe in 567/568 CE and encountered groups with very different, European ancestry1,2. We used ancient genome-wide data of 722 individuals and fine-grained interdisciplinary analysis of large 7th-8th c. CE neighboring cemeteries south of Vienna (Austria) to address the centuries-long impact of this encounter1,2. We found that the ancestry at one site (Leobersdorf) was and remained dominantly East-Asian-like, even 200 years after the Avar immigration, while the other site (Mödling) displays local, European-like ancestry. These two nearby sites exhibit very few links of direct biological relatedness, despite sharing a distinctive late-Avar culture3,4. We reconstructed 6-generation pedigrees at both sites linking together up to 450 closely-related individuals, allowing per-generation demographic profiling of the communities. Despite different ancestry, these pedigrees together with large networks of distant relatedness display an absence of consanguinity, a strong patrilineal pattern with female exogamy, multiple reproductive partnerships (e.g. levirate) and direct correlation of social status to biological connectivity through markers of high social status in the archaeological material. The generation-long genetic barrier was maintained by systematically choosing partners with similar ancestry from other sites in the Avar realm. Leobersdorf had more biological connections with the Avar heartlands than Mödling, which is instead linked to another site from the Vienna Basin with European-like ancestry. Mobility between sites was mostly due to female exogamy pointing to different marriage networks as the main driver of the maintenance of the genetic barrier. 经过从东方的长途迁徙，东亚血统的阿瓦尔人于公元 567/568 年抵达中欧东部，并遇到了具有截然不同的欧洲血统的群体 1,2。我们使用了 722 个个体的古代全基因组数据和对维也纳（奥地利）南部 7-8 世纪大型邻近墓地的细粒度跨学科分析，以解决这次遭遇的数百年影响 1,2。我们发现，即使在阿瓦尔人移民 200 年后，其中一个地点（Leobersdorf）的血统仍然以东亚血统为主，而另一个地点（Mödling）则显示出当地的欧洲血统。这两个邻近的地点尽管共享独特的晚期阿瓦尔文化，但几乎没有直接的生物学关联 3,4。我们在两个遗址重建了 6 代谱系，将多达 450 名密切相关的个体联系在一起，从而可以对社区进行每代人口统计分析。尽管祖先不同，但这些谱系与大型远亲网络一起显示出没有血缘关系、强烈的父系模式和女性外婚、多重生殖伙伴关系（例如娶寡嫂制）以及社会地位与生物连通性的直接相关性，通过考古材料中的高社会地位标记。通过系统地从阿瓦尔王国的其他遗址中选择具有相似血统的伴侣，维持了长达一代的遗传屏障。莱奥伯斯多夫与阿瓦尔中心地带的生物联系比莫德林多，后者与维也纳盆地的另一个具有欧洲血统的遗址有关。遗址之间的流动主要是由于女性外婚，这表明不同的婚姻网络是维持遗传屏障的主要驱动力。
Avar
Ancient DNA reveals reproductive barrier despite shared Avar-period culture
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